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Japanese dissidence during the Shōwa period was dissidence by Japanese citizens of the Empire of Japan (1868–1947) during the Shōwa period, the reign of the Shōwa Emperor, Hirohito (1926–1989). The Shōwa period witnessed the rise of militarism in Japan, and the Empire of Japan's full-scale invasion of China in the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945), which escalated into a full-scale invasion of the Asian continent during the Pacific theatre of World War II (1941–1945). Throughout the period, there was Political repression in Imperial Japan. ==Communism== The Japanese Communist Party (JCP) was suppressed by the Imperial Japanese government. Mass round ups took place in March 15 1928, and were followed by mass round ups on April 16 1929. In February 1930, the central committee of the Japanese Communist Party approved the formation of "red self-defense bodies", which were made up largely of members of the Zenkyo (National Council of Japanese Labor Unions). In Tokyo, 15 squads, armed with knives and pistols, distributed handbills and hanged posters, some of which called for "armed strikes, arson and the destruction of factories". Almost all of Zenkyo's leaders were young intellectuals, and members of the Japanese Communist Party. According to Robert A. Scalapino, the Zenkyo was the most active organisation controlled by the Communists in this period. The Zenkyo did not hide its Communist position. On January 30, 1929, Rodo Shimbun-Zenkyo (Labor News), the Zenkyo's organ, stated: In mid-March 1930, the Zenkyo's central committee sent instructions to members that read: The Tokyo committee of the Communist Youth League took a similar position in April 1930. In an editorial in April 24 issue of The Second Proletarian News, the workers were urged to rise and to "march on the Diet building" on May Day. The May Day Uprising was a failure. The few armed workers who shouted "To the Diet" were arrested by the police. In Kawasaki, the police arrested another group of armed workers who stormed into the May Day parade. The May Day uprising would show how weak the JCP and its affiliated organizations were. Following the Manchurian Incident, the Red Flag, the JCP's official organ, blamed Japanese Imperialism for the conflict in Manchuria, and stated that "We must transform the war of imperialism that will intensify the dictatorship of the bourgeoisie into a civil war in order to establish the dictatorship of the proletariat." Following the Manchurian Incident, between September 18 and October 31 1931, the JCP and its affiliated organizations conducted 262 anti-war actions, mostly leaflet distribution. The JCP also distributed a monthly magazine "The Soldier's Friend.". The JCP made efforts to organize within the army, distributing a monthly magazine called "The Soldier's Friend. Party activities ceased on an organized basis following the arrest of Hakamada Satomi of the Central Committee in early 1935. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Japanese dissidence during the Shōwa period」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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